CENTRIFUGAL MONOBLOCK PUMPS AND APPLICATIONS

What is a Monoblock Pump?

          Monoblock Pump is defined as, the prime mover of the pump i.e.,, the motor and the pump is assembled together within the same housing. In this type of pumps there is no need of any coupling between the motor shaft and pump shaft since the shafts are coupled directly. The main principle of monoblock of pump is to transmit power without any losses. 

          In Monoblock Pumps, Centrifugal monoblock pump is one of the common types. In a lot of places centrifugal pumps offers more benefits. Here are the benefits offered by these pumps:

1) Due to its compact size, it consumes less space.

2) There is no air lock problem in these types of pumps, because these have uni casing.

3) There is no centrifugal switch.

4) The pump has a balanced structure so there is no vibration and noise. Rigged construction that ensures longevity.

5) There is less maintenance & operation cost.

6) Bearings of the pump are water lubricated.

7) These pumps are self-supportive. This means that there is no requirement of installing any base plate or guards.

8) These pumps have the best hydraulic and suction lifting efficiency.

9) They are self priming. They are also put into use to pump water from well (Both shallow and deep wells) with built in Non return valves.

Applications:

          These pumps can be used at a variety of places to meet different water requirements. Below we mentioned some applications of these type of pumps:

a) Industrial and Public water supply.

b) Booster application

c) Sprinkler/Drip and Lift Irrigation

d) Dewatering of mines.

DIFFERENCE BETWEEN TOOTHED PULLEY AND FLAT BELT PULLEY

1) Flat Belt pulley's  are used inline shafting to transmit power in factories. They were also utilized in infinite farming, mining and work applications, like saw mills, water pumps and electrical generators. Whereas toothed pulleys are usually accustomed transmit direct motion for indexing. They are usually utilized in part of chains of gears. Camshafts of vehicles, miniature timing systems, and stepper motors often utilized these belts. Toothed pulley are called timer pulley also.

2) Flat belt pulley's doesn't have teeth (have no teeth), whereas toothed pulleys have teeth that match into an identical toothed counter.

3) Flat belts tend to slip on the pulley when heavy loads are applied, where as toothed belts haven't any slippage when properly tensioned. 

4) The toothed pulley is employed when correct transmission of the torque is required. A 100% accurate transmission of the torque is not possible by Flat belt pulley's or V-Belt pulley's, as a result of this there is always some (very little) slipping between the pulley and belt.

5) Toothed pulley's are more efficient because timing belts desires least tension of all belts where as flat belts desire more tension compared to toothed pulley.

6) Purchase cost of flat belt is less than toothed pulley.

These are the variations those i know, hope it will be useful to you.

:::FLANGES:::

          After welding, flange is the second most commonly utilized joining technique. Flanges are utilized when the joints are needed dismantling. It provides easy access for maintenance like cleaning, inspection and modifications. Flange connects the pipe with numerous equipment, pumps and valves to form piping. Breakup flanges are added in the pipeline system if regular maintenance is needed or necessary during plant operation.

          A flanged joint consists of three distinct and independent although interrelated segments; the flanges, the gaskets, and also the bolting; that are assembled by yet another influence, the fitter. Sometimes flanges are welded to the pipe lines too. Exceptional controls are needed in the selection and application of all these components to accomplish a joint. A gasket is placed between the two mating flanges which provide acceptable leak tightness.
          However, it is not recommended to used flanged connection in underground piping when it is yo be buried. There are a variety of flanges are available. Flanges are classified as following below:
          1. On the basis of type of connection
          2. Based on flange facing type
          3. Material type
          4. On the basis of Temperature and pressure Ratings

AIR KNOCKER

          Air knocker is a kind of process automation equipment, designed to eliminate problems occurring due to the deposition of powder inside a hopper. This equipment consists of a "Magnetic Piston". Due to the interaction between Magnetic Piston and Air pressure this equipment dislodges some force on hopper. 

AIR KNOCKER

TYPES OF FLANGES

Flanges can be classified in different ways as follows:

1. Based on Type of Connection:

a) Threaded Flanges:

         These types of flanges also called as "Screwed flanges", because these flanges having a thread inside the flange bore. The thread inside the flange bore which fits on the pipe which is having a matching male thread on the pipe. The main advantage of this flanges is that they can be attached to the pipe without any welding. In some cases a seal weld is also used in combination with a threaded connection. This type of joint connection and dismantling is speedy and also simple but for high pressure and temperature applications these are not suitable. It is also not suitable for a pipe system with thin wall thickness because thread cutting on a pipe of thin wall thickness is not possible so we have to choose pipe with thicker wall thickness.

b) Socket-weld Flanges:

          Socket-Weld Flanges features a female socket in which pipe is fitted. Generally Socket-weld flanges are used for small size (NPS 2 and smaller) and high pressure piping systems. These flanges static strength is equal to slip on flanges.

          The connection is done by inserting pipe into the recess area and 1 fillet weld is done from outside on the pipe. Before creating the welding, we need to create some space between the flange and pipe.

          To reduce the residual stress at the root of the weld that could occur during solidification of weld metal bottom clearance is given in the socket weld. In the bottom image X measures the expansion gap. 

Disadvantages: 

1. Maintain specific gap.

2. Cracking problems between the flange and pipe by corrosive  products can cause problems.

c) Slip on Flanges: